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Deborah
Joined: 30 Jul 2000
Posts: 731
Location: East Coast |
 Sat Sep 20, 2003 6:59 am
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It has been conclusively determined that nitrogen oxide [NOx] is a significant factor in the destruction of stratospheric ozone.
Where do you suppose NOx comes from at that level of the atmosphere? |
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Sore Throat
Joined: 01 Sep 2000
Posts: 1802
Location: x |
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Tue Sep 30, 2003 1:59 am
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Just like the Bush junta approval rating, this graph is heading down...
Ozone depletion over Antarctica, September 29, 2003.
Both are charting new territory. |
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Deborah
Joined: 30 Jul 2000
Posts: 731
Location: East Coast |
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Fri Oct 03, 2003 1:58 am
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29 September 2003
Brightsurf.com
Envisat observes resurgent ozone hole
The latest ESA [European Space Agency] Earth Observation data show that reports of the demise of the ozone hole appearing annually above Antarctica have been greatly exaggerated.
The ozone hole is normally at its largest in September, but 2002 saw it at its smallest extent for more than a decade: 40% down on previous years. And a year ago ongoing satellite measurements of ozone - gathered by the Royal Dutch Meteorological Institute (KNMI) from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) instrument on ESA’s ERS-2 satellite - showed it splitting in two.
“Using GOME we have gathered global stratospheric ozone data over the last eight years,” said Henk Eskes of KNMI. “And last year we were actually able to accurately predict the split a few days before it happened, as we were operating an ozone forecasting service.”
This dramatic reverse came just two years after the ozone hole had reached a record size more than 30 million sq km in 2000.
There was speculation that last year’s shrinking hole showed the ozone layer was recovering from damage caused by man-made chemicals including chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) - in the past used in aerosol cans and refrigerators. But the bad news is that this year’s ozone hole looks much more like the 2000 than the 2002 version..... [continued]
http://www.brightsurf.com/news/sept_03/ESA_news_092903.php |
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Deborah
Joined: 30 Jul 2000
Posts: 731
Location: East Coast |
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Sat Oct 04, 2003 5:59 am
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3 October 2003
The Associated Press
Ozone hole more persistent than usual, heightening concern about harmful UV radiation reaching Earth
GENEVA -- The ozone hole over the South Pole, already as large as it has ever been, is also lasting longer this year, heightening concern about harmful UV radiation reaching the Earth, the United Nations' weather organization said Friday.
Compounding matters, the thinnest area is the largest ever measured, roughly two-thirds of the hole's total size, the World Meteorological Organization said.
"The ozone hole is getting larger, deeper and is lasting longer," said Michael Proffitt, a leading expert on the ozone hole at the U.N. agency. "It has never stayed this large, this late."
The "hole" is a thinner-than-normal area in the protective layer of gas high in the earth's atmosphere. It has formed in August -- the end of the Antarctic winter -- every year since the mid-1980s, largely due to chemical pollution.
In recent years, the hole has tended to reach its maximum size around mid-September, after which it mostly gets refilled with surrounding ozone.
But this year the hole peaked twice, once in mid-September and again in late September, the WMO said. Each time it measured 10.8 million square miles, matching the record size set three years ago in September 2000.
The hole could last longer still, Proffitt said.
"There is certainly no indication it is getting smaller," he said. "It looks like it could be awhile.".....[continued]
http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/news/archive/2003/10/03/international1619EDT0705.DTL |
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Deborah
Joined: 30 Jul 2000
Posts: 731
Location: East Coast |
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Mon Oct 20, 2003 5:21 pm
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20 October 2003
EurActiv.com
UK aviation industry recognises need to address aviation's climate change impact
In short:
On 13 October the EU Environment Commissioner Margot Wallström discussed with the UK aviation industry alternatives as to how to reduce the impact of aviation on climate change.
Background:
Aviation is estimated to contribute around 3.5 per cent to human-induced global warming. And the growing number of flights is likely to exacerbate the problem of carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions in the coming decades. A study from Cambridge University entitled "Aviation and the global atmosphere" suggests that the impact of aviation on climate change could grow to between 5 and 15 per cent of the total human-induced impact by 2050 (with a mid-range scenario of 6 per cent).
Issues:
On 13 October, the British Airport Association (BAA) organised a seminar to determine the best approach to address the impact of aviation on climate change. Environment Commissioner Margot Wallström, UK aviation minister Tony McNulty, BAA chief executive Mike Clasper, Friends of the Earth senior climate & transport campaigner Roger Higman and British Airways chief economist & head of environment Andrew Sentance focused discussions in particular on the role of aviation in the EU emissions trading scheme.
Positions:
Referring to the appropriate instruments which could be implemented within the aviation industry to combat climate change Environment Commissioner Margot Wallström mentioned three instruments:
-- The exemption of taxation on kerosene should be ended. The new Community Directive on energy taxation will allow Member States to tax kerosene on domestic flights and - on the basis of bilateral agreements - intra-EU flights;
-- An 'en route emissions charge' could be introduced. The Commission is currently considering the results of a study on 'en route charges' that could form the basis for a Commission proposal;
-- The EU emissions trading scheme should be applied to aviation. The commission is studying how this could be achieved.
The British Airport Association considers that "the aviation industry cannot grow unless it tackles its global impacts: by making the most of the positive economic, social and cultural benefits of aviation, and by constantly striving to drive down the negative impacts on its local communities and the environment".
Supplemental links here:
http://www.euractiv.com/cgi-bin/cgint.exe?204&OIDN=1506476&-home=home |
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